Trekking in Mustang: Why It’s Nepal’s Best-Kept Secret

If you’re dreaming of adventure that feels like stepping into a different world, Trekking in Mustang is just the thing you need. From ancient caves to desert-like landscapes, this trek gives you the rare chance to explore a secret side of Nepal. Similarly, the Altitude of Lo Manthang is 3840 meters above sea level.

Most people only hear about Everest or Annapurna, but they miss out on the raw, untouched beauty of the Mustang Himalaya in Nepal. Many trekkers skip this mystical place just because they don’t know enough about it. Don’t let that be you!

In this blog, we’ll take you on a virtual journey through the dusty trails, colourful monasteries, and timeless villages of the Mustang Valley Trek. We’ll share tips, routes, culture, and more—perfect for young adventurers and anyone who loves real stories from the trails. Let’s start your guide to Trekking in the Mustang Region of Nepal.

Where Is Mustang and Why Is It So Special?

Tucked away in the far reaches of northwestern Nepal, Mustang is a land unlike anywhere else in the Himalayas. Bordering the Tibetan plateau, this remote region is more desert than jungle—its sun-baked cliffs, eroded canyons, and endless windswept valleys give it an otherworldly feel that hits you the moment you arrive. It’s not your typical “Everest” or “Annapurna” trek. This is something wilder. Rawer. Quieter.

Geographically isolated and culturally preserved, Mustang has long remained one of Nepal’s most mysterious regions. Until the early 1990s, it was completely off-limits to outsiders. Today, access is still restricted, and permits are expensive—but that’s exactly what makes it so compelling. You don’t just visit Mustang; you step into a preserved piece of history.

Why is Mustang so special?

It was once part of an ancient Tibetan Kingdom

 Mustang isn’t just close to Tibet—it was Tibet, historically speaking. The region was part of the ancient Kingdom of Lo, a powerful offshoot of Tibetan royalty. Walk through the walled city of Lo Manthang, and you’ll still see echoes of that legacy: whitewashed fortresses, weather-beaten monasteries, and elders who speak a dialect closer to Lhasa than Kathmandu.

It’s home to a rare, living Tibetan Buddhist Culture

While much of Tibet has modernized—or been forcefully changed—Mustang has held on to its traditions. You’ll hear the horns of monks echoing through mountain valleys, witness masked dances during vibrant festivals, and enter monasteries that haven’t changed in centuries. It’s a spiritual experience, even if you’re not the spiritual type.

The landscapes feel like Mars with Monasteries

Forget green forests and rice terraces—Mustang is bold, stark, and painted in shades of ochre and crimson. Towering red cliffs rise out of ochre canyons, sculpted by centuries of wind. There are ancient caves carved into the rock face, some still used for meditation, others filled with secrets of past civilizations. The light here is something else—it bounces off the stone and makes every photo look surreal.

Its Villages are Frozen in Time

Villages like Lo Manthang and Chhusang aren’t just remote—they feel suspended in time. There are no traffic sounds, no digital distractions, no rush. Just yak herders, prayer wheels, and old-world charm. Life here is hard, but it’s authentic. And as a traveler, that authenticity hits deep. You don’t just pass through Mustang; you feel it, breathe it, and remember it long after you leave.

It’s Off-the-Beaten-Path in the Best Way

In a world of overtourism and Instagram checklists, Mustang remains gloriously under-the-radar. It is not a destination aimed at luxury hunters or box-tickers. It is not for those that are impatient, or those that seek instant gratification, or those that need to take selfies more than enjoy the journey. Hiking here is not an ordinary hike; it is more of a pilgrimage to a disappearing world.

So if you’re looking for something off-the-beaten-path, Trekking in the Mustang Region is one of Nepal’s best-kept secrets.

Upper Mustang vs. Lower Mustang: Which One to Choose?

When you’re trekking in Mustang, it’s good to know that there are two main parts—Upper Mustang and Lower Mustang. Both offer exciting experiences, but they are pretty different. Here’s a side-by-side breakdown of Upper Mustang vs Lower Mustang to help you decide:

Feature	Upper Mustang	Lower Mustang
Permits	Restricted Area Permit + ACAP	Only ACAP
Accessibility	More Remote	Easy To Reach
Culture	Rich Tibetan Culture	Hindu & Buddhist mix
Hightlights	Lo Manthang, Sky Caves	Kagbeni, Muktinath
Trekking Days	12–15 days	4–7 days

Whether you choose Upper Mustang or Lower Mustang, Trekking in the Mustang Region offers a unique blend of beauty and adventure. Many trekkers combine both if they want to experience the full range. Either way, you’re going to love Mustang Trekking Nepal.

Tip: If you’re short on time or budget, Lower Mustang is a great intro. But if you want to dive deep into culture and landscapes, go for the Upper Mustang Trek.

Learn About Off-Road Travel Destinations in Nepal.

Best Time for Trekking in Mustang

Mustang isn’t your average trekking destination, and choosing the right season makes a big difference in what kind of experience you’ll have. Each season in Mustang paints a different picture—from blossoming valleys and endless skies to raw winter wilderness that humbles even the toughest hikers. The region’s unique climate—shielded from the monsoon by the Annapurna range—means you can trek here when most of Nepal is drenched in rain. But it still helps to know what you’re getting into.

Season Breakdown:

• Spring: Colorful, pleasant, and full of life.
• Autumn: Clear, cool, culturally rich.
• Summer: Dry (yes, really), quiet, and uncrowded.
• Winter: Tough but unforgettable, especially if you’re chasing silence and snow.

Spring (March to May): 

If nature is your thing, spring in Mustang feels like stepping into a high-altitude dream. The lower Mustang trails come alive with wildflowers—especially rhododendrons and Himalayan poppies—and there’s a soft scent in the air that feels both calming and fresh. Days are pleasantly warm, hovering between 12°C to 20°C, making it perfect for walking without being drenched in sweat or bundled in layers.

The skies are generally clear, offering unobstructed views of the mighty Nilgiri and Dhaulagiri ranges. These aren’t just mountains; they’re massive walls of ice and stone that glow pink at sunrise and blaze orange by sunset. The roads from Jomsom to Lo Manthang are relatively dust-free this time of year, and the jeep rides, though bumpy, offer incredible views of the wind-carved cliffs and deep gorges.

What to expect:

• Blooming landscapes, especially in Lower Mustang
• Comfortable temperatures for trekking
• Easy travel on both foot trails and road routes
• Fewer crowds compared to autumn
• A great season for photography and family treks

Autumn(September to November): 

Ask any seasoned trekker, and they’ll likely tell you autumn is prime time for Mustang Valley trekking. The monsoon has just ended, leaving behind a washed-clean landscape. The skies are sharp blue, the mountains pop like cutouts, and the air feels like it was filtered just for your lungs. This is the season when the trails are busiest, but also most alive.

Jeep roads up to Lo Manthang are fully operational, and the dry paths make trekking easier, especially for those climbing higher into Upper Mustang. This is also when Mustang’s cultural calendar lights up: festivals like Tiji, Dashain, and Tihar bring color, music, and masked dances to remote villages. You won’t just hike—you’ll celebrate.

What to expect:

• The clearest mountain views of the year
• Comfortable temperatures (cooler than spring)
• Dry, stable trekking conditions
• Vibrant local festivals and cultural experiences
• Slightly more crowds, especially in popular villages

Summer (June–August):

Most people write off summer for trekking in Nepal. But here’s the thing—Mustang is in the rain shadow of the Himalayas. While Kathmandu and Pokhara are drowning in monsoon downpours, Mustang stays surprisingly dry. The landscape takes on a moody, cinematic vibe, with heavy clouds brushing the high cliffs and distant thunder rolling far away without ever reaching you.

The roads, though a bit rougher due to occasional washouts, remain passable. The upside? You get Mustang almost entirely to yourself. Villages like Chhusang and Ghiling feel like ghost towns in the best possible way—peaceful, slow, sacred. If you want solitude, this is the season to go.

What to expect:

• Minimal rainfall thanks to Mustang’s location
• Quiet trails and fewer trekkers
• Dramatic skies and moody scenery for photographers
• Warmer temperatures but occasional humidity in lower sections
• Good road access, though conditions can vary after storms

Winter (December–February): 

Winter in Mustang is not for the faint-hearted—but if you’re the kind of traveler who craves raw, unfiltered experiences, this season delivers. Temperatures in Upper Mustang can plummet below -15°C, especially at night, and many teahouses shut down for the season. But Lower Mustang remains accessible, especially areas like Kagbeni, Marpha, and Jomsom.

The silence is profound. Snow dusts the ridges. Villages seem frozen in time. You’ll need proper gear, a solid plan, and a bit of grit—but what you get in return is a Mustang very few ever see.

What to expect:

• Harsh cold in Upper Mustang, manageable in Lower Mustang
• Some lodges and facilities may be closed
• Pristine landscapes and absolute silence
• Best for experienced trekkers and those seeking solitude
• Ideal for photographers chasing that rare winter Himalayan light

In short, Spring and autumn offer the best conditions, summer is peaceful, and winter is raw and remote.

Permits You Need for Trekking in Mustang

Before you start trekking in Mustang, you need to sort out your trekking permits. Mustang is a restricted area, so you can’t just show up and hike. But don’t worry—we’ve got you covered.

Upper Mustang:

Permits you will require and their cost for Upper Mustang are:

• Restricted Area Permit (RAP) – Costs USD 500 per person for 10 days (and USD 50 extra per day after that).
• Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP) – Costs NPR 3,000 (about 25 USD).

Lower Mustang:

If you’re trekking only in Lower Mustang, you don’t need the RAP. Just the ACAP permit is enough, making Mustang Trekking Nepal a bit easier and cheaper in that region.

Important Notes:

• Must trek through a licensed agency for Upper Mustang
• Solo trekking is not allowed in restricted zones
• Carry your permits at all times for checkpoints

Permits may seem pricey, but they play a crucial role in protecting the environment and preserving cultural heritage. Mustang Nepal trekking is worth every rupee!

Mustang Trekking Routes and Itinerary Ideas

Each day of the Mustang trekking is a slice of history, culture, and Himalayan wild nature. It is not a simple trail- no, it is an experience of walking through one of the most unearthly landscapes of Nepal and every ridge and every riverbed of the way appears to be murmuring ancient tales.

The great thing about Mustang is that it’s not one-size-fits-all. Whether you’ve got a few days or a couple of weeks, there’s a route for you. Some take you deep into ancient Tibetan-influenced villages, others are lighter, more scenic, and perfect if you’re tight on time. Here’s a breakdown of the most popular options I’ve come across while wandering this stunning region.

Upper Mustang Trek (15–17 Days)

• Starts from Jomsom or Kagbeni
• Trek through Chele, Syangbochen, Charang, Lo Manthang
• Optional detour to Chhoser Caves
• Return via a different route or fly back from Jomsom. For itineraries, click here.

If there’s one route that feels like stepping into another dimension, it’s the Upper Mustang Trek. Starting from either Jomsom or Kagbeni, you walk straight into a lost kingdom. The terrain is dry, dramatic, and windswept—like something out of a Star Wars film. But it’s not just the landscape that grabs you—it’s the culture. Every village feels like a time capsule, with whitewashed homes, prayer flags, and ancient monasteries around every bend.

The heart of this trek is Lo Manthang, the former walled capital of the Mustang Kingdom. Spend a day or two here exploring the royal palace, local gompas, and yak caravans rolling in from the border with Tibet. If you’ve got energy to spare, take the side trip to Chhoser Caves, where families once lived inside honeycomb-like cliff dwellings carved out centuries ago.

The return can follow a different trail or you can catch a scenic flight back from Jomsom. Either way, this trek is more than just a physical challenge—it’s a cultural and spiritual immersion you won’t forget.

Lower Mustang Trek (10–12 Days)

• Jomsom to Kagbeni to Muktinath and back
• Explore villages and temples without RAP
• Great for shorter adventures in the Mustang Nepal trekking
  For Itineraries, click here.

If you’re short on time or not ready for a full-on expedition, the Lower Mustang Trek gives you a condensed but rich experience. Starting in Jomsom, a windy little town nestled between two mountain ranges, you head north to Kagbeni, a medieval village that feels like a movie set. Cobbled streets, red-gold cliffs, and ancient stupas make it a photographer’s dream.

From there, it’s a manageable ascent to Muktinath, one of Nepal’s holiest pilgrimage sites. Hindu and Buddhist pilgrims from all over the subcontinent come here to bathe in the 108 water spouts and seek blessings at the eternal flame temple. If you are curious about reaching Muktinath, read our blog “How to Reach Muktinath from Mustang.” For the location of Muktinath, click here.

This trek doesn’t require a Restricted Area Permit (RAP), which makes it easier on logistics and budget. It’s perfect if you want to taste Mustang without going too deep—or if you’re blending it with other trekking in the Annapurna region.

Recommended Read: Top 6 Reasons to Visit Muktinath Mustang: Why Visit Muktinath Mustang

Mustang Circuit (18-20 Days)

• Mix of Upper and Lower Mustang
• Trek through varied terrains and villages
• Ideal for deep exploration of the Mustang Valley Trek

For those who want to experience Mustang in full, the Mustang Circuit Trek is the ultimate deep dive. You cover both the lower valleys and the remote highlands, stitching together the spiritual energy of Muktinath, the medieval charm of Kagbeni, and the mysterious magnetism of Lo Manthang.

The terrain changes constantly—desert plateaus, canyon trails, alpine passes, and lush river valleys. You’ll pass through villages where traditional Tibetan lifestyles still dominate, and where you’re more likely to hear the low chant of monks than the buzz of modern life.

This trek demands commitment, but the reward is total immersion. You’ll come away with a layered understanding of Mustang’s landscape, culture, and history—and a camera full of surreal vistas that few travelers ever get to see.

Each itinerary offers unique views and cultural encounters. If you’re looking for variety, the longer treks allow more immersion into the local way of life. No matter which you choose, Trekking in Mustang Nepal, will blow your mind.

What to See on the Mustang Valley Trek

Trekking through the Mustang Valley isn’t just about moving from one village to the next—it’s about everything you experience along the way. You’re not just hiking through a Himalayan region; you’re stepping into an ancient world carved out by wind, time, and tradition.

This part of Nepal feels different. The air is drier, the skies stretch wider, and the land glows in shades of ochre, red, and gold. And just when you think you’ve seen it all, another surreal cliff or centuries-old monastery appears around the bend. Here’s a closer look at the places and sights that make the Mustang Valley Trek unforgettable:

• Lo Manthang: The ancient walled capital, full of monasteries and royal vibes
• Kagbeni: A charming village where Lower meets Upper Mustang
• Muktinath Temple: A sacred spot for both Hindus and Buddhists
• Sky Caves of Chhoser: Cliffside caves with ancient human settlements
• Jomsom: Gateway to Mustang with mountain views and local markets
• Colorful cliffs and canyons: The landscapes look like they’re from Mars!

These sights make Trekking in the Mustang Region unforgettable. Every day brings new views—from whitewashed villages to red rock cliffs that change color with the sun. Also read on: How to Travel from Nepal to Jomsom.

Lo Manthang: A Kingdom Lost in Time

When you first walk through the gates of Lo Manthang, it’s like crossing into another era. This walled city, once the seat of the Mustang Kingdom, still feels regal. Narrow alleys wind through whitewashed homes, and yaks plod along beside monks in deep red robes. Ancient monasteries like Thubchen Gompa and Jampa Lhakhang hold layers of Tibetan art and history. Spend time here. Lo Manthang isn’t a place to rush—it’s one to absorb, slowly and deeply.

Kagbeni: The Cultural Crossroads

Kagbeni sits at the intersection of Lower and Upper Mustang, and you can feel that blend as soon as you arrive. It’s got the vibe of a medieval trading post, with flat-roofed houses, narrow stone lanes, and a view of the Kali Gandaki River slicing through the valley below. I always recommend staying a night here—chat with locals over tea, explore the red-walled monastery, and soak up the atmosphere before heading deeper into the Mustang region.

Muktinath Temple: Sacred and Serene

You don’t have to be religious to feel something at Muktinath. This mountaintop temple is sacred to both Hindus and Buddhists, and the energy here is palpable. Watch pilgrims bathe under the 108 water spouts, or sit quietly near the eternal flame that’s been burning for who knows how long. The views stretch for miles, and the stillness in the air makes you stop and breathe a little slower.

Sky Caves of Chhoser: Ancient Echoes in Stone

High up in the cliffs near Lo Manthang are the Sky Caves of Chhoser—a network of man-made caves carved into sheer rock faces. Archaeologists are still trying to understand how people lived in them hundreds, maybe thousands, of years ago. Climbing up to them feels like entering a forgotten world. Some are filled with ancient relics, while others open out into views that will stop you in your tracks.

Jomsom: Gateway to Mustang

Jomsom is your jumping off point whether you are a beginner or completing your journey. It is not a quaint little village in the usual meaning of the words–it is rough, blowy and utilitarian. But the rawness has a beauty to it. Sights of Nilgiri and Dhaulagiri are enormous and the small airport is what connects you to Pokhara. Visit the local market and get some dried apples, Tibetan bread or a hot meal to go before or after your trip.

Colorful Cliffs and Martian Canyons

This isn’t poetic fluff—the cliffs of Mustang really do look like they belong on Mars. Shades of deep red, rust, and yellow stretch across wave-like rock formations that glow differently depending on the time of day. The landscapes alone are reason enough to do this trek. You’ll constantly be stopping to take photos or just staring.

Every day on the Mustang Valley Trek brings something new—whether it’s the sound of monks chanting, the flap of prayer flags in the wind, or an unexpected smile from a stranger on the trail. It’s not just the sights—it’s the feeling you get when you’re out there, far from everything you know, fully present in a place that hasn’t changed much in centuries.

This isn’t your typical trekking destination. It’s Mustang—raw, rich, and unforgettable.

Accommodation and Food in Mustang

Trekking in Mustang isn’t a luxury tour—and honestly, that’s part of the charm. You won’t find five-star resorts out here, but you will find warm beds, hot meals, and the kind of hospitality that stays with you long after the dust has settled on your boots.

Here’s what to expect when it comes to places to stay and what’s on the plate along the Mustang Valley Trek.

Lodging – Where You’ll Sleep: Lodging in Mustang

• Lower Mustang: Guesthouses with Wi-Fi, hot showers, and even cafes
• Upper Mustang: Simpler teahouses with authentic village vibes
• Mud-brick rooms, warm blankets, solar-powered lights

Lower Mustang is relatively well-traveled, so the guesthouses here are a bit more developed. In places like Jomsom, Kagbeni, or Muktinath, you’ll come across lodges with Wi-Fi, hot showers (usually solar-heated), and even small cafés serving up espresso or apple pie. Don’t expect fancy, but you’ll be surprised how cozy these places feel after a long day of hiking.

Once you push into Upper Mustang, things get more rustic—and more authentic. The teahouses are often run by local families, with mud-brick rooms, thick wool blankets, and basic but clean facilities. Power often comes from solar panels, and lighting may be limited at night. You’ll be sleeping in simple wooden beds under heavy quilts, with the sound of the wind outside and maybe a yak in the next room.

Food – What You’ll Eat: Meals on the Trail

Food in Mustang is hearty, homemade, and perfect fuel for the trail. Don’t expect gourmet variety, but what’s served is warm, satisfying, and made with care.

You’ll see dal bhat—Nepal’s national dish—everywhere. A plate comes piled with rice, lentils, curried vegetables, and a helping of pickles or greens. And yes, refills are usually free, so don’t be shy if you’re still hungry.

Other trail staples include:

• Tibetan bread – thick, fried, and best with local jam or honey
• Thukpa – a warming noodle soup, perfect after a windy afternoon
• Momos – handmade dumplings filled with veggies or meat, often served with a spicy chutney
• Salt tea – a Tibetan classic, salty and buttery, though it’s an acquired taste
• Masala tea or simple black coffee for a morning boost or afternoon break

Most meals are cooked fresh by your lodge host, using ingredients from their own gardens or local sources. Menus are similar from village to village, but the quality depends on the cook—some places will surprise you with just how good a simple bowl of soup can be.

For more, read our blog “Trekking Food and Accommodation List“.

Final Tips for Trekking in Mustang: The 3rd One is a Must

Trekking in Mustang isn’t just a physical challenge—it’s a personal experience. The landscapes are surreal, the culture is rich, and the pace of life forces you to slow down and take it all in. But to really enjoy the journey, it helps to be prepared—not just with the right gear, but with the right mindset.

Here are a few things I wish someone had told me before I first set foot on the Mustang trails:

Pack Essentials:

This is high-altitude, high-dust country. The sun’s strong, the wind’s relentless, and the weather can shift in minutes.

• Sunscreen + Sunglasses + Buff: The sun up here doesn’t mess around. Your face and lips will thank you.
• Layered Clothing: Mornings can be icy, but by mid-day, you’ll be sweating in a T-shirt. Bring a good base layer, a windbreaker, and something warm for the evenings.
• Water Purifier or Tablets: Bottled water gets expensive and creates waste. I always carry a lightweight filter or purification drops to refill from teahouse taps or mountain springs.

Stay Healthy:

Altitude affects everyone differently, and Mustang has some sneaky elevation gains.

• Hydrate Constantly: It’s dry up there, and dehydration creeps in without warning.
• Take It Slow: Build in a couple of rest/acclimatization days, especially if you’re heading into Upper Mustang.
• Know the Signs of Altitude Sickness: Headache, nausea, dizziness—don’t ignore them. Descending early is better than pushing through and risking real trouble.

Cultural Etiquette:

Mustang isn’t just about views—it’s about people. Tibetan-influenced communities here are deeply spiritual, and a little respect goes a long way.

• “Namaste” and a Smile: Simple, genuine, and appreciated.
• Hands Off Sacred Objects: If you’re unsure, ask before touching anything in monasteries or homes.
• Clockwise, Always: Whether you’re walking around a stupa, spinning prayer wheels, or entering a gompa, go clockwise as a sign of respect.

Other Tips:

A few small things that can make a big difference:

• Bring Cash: Once you get to Jomsom, there are no ATMs. Lodges, food, souvenirs—everything is cash-only.
• Guide Required in Upper Mustang: It’s not optional. And honestly, a good guide will make your experience way richer.
• Support Local: Skip the mass-produced trinkets and buy directly from villagers—handwoven scarves, yak wool gloves, homemade apple brandy. It helps them, and it makes your souvenirs meaningful.

Trekking in mustang is more than just hiking—it’s about connection, learning, and appreciating the slow pace of life. If you’re looking for something extraordinary, Mustang Trekking Nepal is your dream trek.

Conclusion

Choosing the best time for Trekking in Mustang depends on what you’re after. If you love flowers, sunny days, and colorful villages, spring is your best bet. If crystal-clear views and cultural festivals sound exciting, go for autumn. Want to avoid crowds and explore offbeat? 

Summer will surprise you with dry trails and solitude, thanks to Mustang’s rain-shadow location. And for those who thrive in the cold and crave peace, winter offers a raw, intimate experience—just come well-prepared!

No matter when you go, Mustang Nepal trekking promises adventure, culture, and landscapes like nowhere else on earth. Just pick your season and start planning your trip with Boundless Adventure now.

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